1. It's the location of the hand that touches the ball that matters. If the hand is outside the penalty area but the ball is inside (could be on the line) then it counts as handball. The feet don't count. This is a fairly recent IFAB clarification.
2. Not so many indirects as there used to be. Apart from offside of course:
Dangerous Play: Playing in a dangerous manner without making physical contact, such as a high boot near an opponent's head.Impeding Progress:
Blocking or obstructing an opponent's progress without making physical contact.
Goalkeeper Handlers: A goalkeeper handling the ball after a deliberate backpass from a teammate, after receiving it directly from a throw-in by a teammate, or rehandling it after releasing it before it touches another player.
Goalkeeper Time: Controlling the ball with their hands/arms for more than six seconds before releasing it.
Dissent or Language: Using offensive, insulting, or abusive language and/or gestures.